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IN S TA LLA TION M A N U A L
5.4.2 The Clean Air Act 1993 and Smoke Control Areas
5.4.2.1 Smoke Control Areas
Under the Clean Air Act local authorities may declare the whole or part of the district of the authority to be a
smoke control area. It is an offence to emit smoke from a chimney of a building, from a furnace or from any fixed
boiler if located in a designated smoke control area. It is also an offence to acquire an "unauthorised fuel" for use
within a smoke control area unless it is used in an "exempt" appliance ("exempted" from the controls which
generally apply in the smoke control area).
In England appliances are exempted by publication on a list by the Secretary of State in accordance with changes
made to sections 20 and 21 of the Clean Air Act 1993 by section 15 of the Deregulation Act 2015. In Scotland
appliances are exempted by publication on a list by Scottish Ministers under section 50 of the Regulatory Reform
(Scotland) Act 2014. Similarly, In Northern Ireland appliances are exempted by publication on a list by the
Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs under Section 16 of the Environmental Better
regulation Act (Northern Ireland) 2016. In Wales appliances are exempted by regulations made by Welsh
Ministers.
Further information on the requirements of the Clean Air Act can be found here:
https://www.gov.uk/smoke-control-area-rules
Your local authority is responsible for implementing the Clean Air Act 1993 including designation and supervision
of smoke control areas and you can contact them for details of Clean Air Act requirements.
5.4.2.1.1 Additional Operational Information:
Refuelling on to a low fire bed
If there is insufficient burning material in the firebed to light a new fuel charge, excessive smoke emission can
occur. Refuelling must be carried out onto a sufficient quantity of glowing embers and ash that the new fuel
charge will ignite in a reasonable period. If there are too few embers in the fire bed, add suitable kindling to
prevent excessive smoke.
Fuel overloading
The maximum amount of fuel specified in this manual should not be exceeded, overloading can cause excess
smoke.
Operation with door left open
Operation with the door open can cause excess smoke. The appliance must not be operated with the appliance
door left open except as directed in the instructions.
Dampers left open
Operation with the air controls or appliance dampers open can cause excess smoke. The appliance must not be
operated with air controls, appliance dampers or door left open except as directed in the instructions.
5.4.2.2 Exempt appliances
Exempt appliances are appliances (ovens, wood burners and stoves) which have been exempted under the Clean
Air Act 1993 or Clean Air (Northern Ireland) Order 1981.
Appliances which are exempt for use in Smoke Control Areas: https://smokecontrol.defra.gov.uk/appliances.php
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